#大学英语听力#
Robots are becoming more human-like every day: now they can sweat.
机器人每天都变得越来越人性化：现在它们可以流汗了。
Thomas Wallin at Cornell University in New York and his colleagues have created soft robotic grippers that are capable of sweating to cool down.
纽约康奈尔大学的托马斯·沃林(Thomas Wallin)和他的同事们已经发明了一种柔软的机器人夹持器，这种夹持器能够出汗来降温。
The grippers are capable of a cooling capacity of 107 watts per kilogram, making them more efficient sweaters than mammals.
这种夹持器的冷却能力为每公斤107瓦特，使它们比哺乳动物更有效率。
By comparison, humans and horses have a maximum cooling capacity around 35 watts per kilogram.
相比之下，人和马的最大冷却能力约为每千克35瓦。
Each gripper consists of three finger-like parts that bend simultaneously to grasp small objects.
每个夹持器由三个手指状部件组成，它们同时弯曲以抓取小物体。
The 3D-printed grippers are made from hydrogels, polymer materials which can store large amounts of water.
3D打印的夹持器由水凝胶制成，水凝胶是一种可以储存大量水的聚合物材料。
Each finger is made from an underlayer with an internal channel to let fluid flow and is capped with a surface layer containing micropores.
每个手指由具有内部通道的下层制成，以便让流体流动，并用包含微孔的表面层覆盖。
At cold temperatures, the pores close.
在低温下，毛孔关闭。
At temperatures higher than 30°C, the surface layer expands, dilating the pores and enabling pressurised fluid from the underlayer to sweat out.
在高于30°C的温度下，表面层膨胀，扩张毛孔并使下层的加压流体流出汗。
The material responds spontaneously to temperature changes without the need for external sensors.
这种材料可以自发地响应温度变化，而不需要外部传感器。
“Sweating takes advantage of evaporative water loss to rapidly dissipate heat,” said Wallin in a press briefing yesterday.
“出汗利用蒸发的水分迅速散热，”沃林在昨天的新闻发布会上说。